Oil and gas water treatment covers several unrelated duties under one heading: cleaning up produced water for reuse or disposal, making injection water for reservoir pressure maintenance, and supplying utility and potable water on a remote or offshore site. Each has a different feed and a different failure mode.

Produced Water

Injection and Utility Water

Typical Design Basis

Duties coveredProduced water, injection water, utility and potable supply
Produced water TDSBrackish through to well above seawater salinity
Critical pretreatmentOil and grease removal ahead of any membrane stage
Common scaling risksBarium sulfate, strontium sulfate, calcium sulfate, silica
Injection waterSulfate removal by nanofiltration plus deaeration
DeploymentContainerized and skid-mounted; area classification as required

Indicative starting points for budgeting. Every system is engineered against your actual feed water analysis and site conditions.

Systems We Build for This Sector

Related Technical Reading

Reference material and equipment on our online store, ForeverPure Place:

Engineering guides on this site: SWRO design guide, water quality parameters, chemical dosing, membrane care.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can reverse osmosis treat produced water?

Yes, but only after the hydrocarbons are gone and only within a salinity limit. Free and emulsified oil must be removed upstream because it permanently damages polyamide membranes, so the process train always starts with oil removal and solids handling. Above roughly seawater salinity, conventional RO cannot reach useful recovery against the osmotic pressure, and thermal or high-pressure brine concentration takes over. The decision point should come from the actual water analysis.

Why remove sulfate from seawater injection water?

Two reasons, both expensive to fix after the fact. Sulfate feeds sulfate-reducing bacteria in the reservoir, which generate hydrogen sulfide and sour the produced fluids. Sulfate also combines with barium and strontium in formation water to form sulfate scales that block the near-wellbore region and are very difficult to remove. Nanofiltration removes the bulk of the sulfate while passing most of the monovalent salts, which is why it rather than full RO is the standard route.

What causes scaling in oilfield water treatment?

Mixing incompatible waters and concentrating them. Formation water is often rich in barium and strontium; injection or process water is often rich in sulfate. Bring them together, or concentrate either one in an RO train, and barium and strontium sulfate precipitate - both of which are hard, adherent, and largely unresponsive to acid cleaning. Calcium sulfate and silica set additional recovery limits. Run a saturation projection on the real analysis before fixing the recovery target.

Do you supply equipment for hazardous area classification?

Yes. Where a package sits within a classified area, the motors, instruments, junction boxes, and control panels are specified to the applicable zone and gas group, and the certification documentation is supplied with the package. Confirm the area classification at enquiry stage, because it changes equipment selection throughout the skid and is not a change that can be made cheaply later.

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