Vai Maʻa & Malohi Maʻa
ʻOmi ʻa e Vai Maʻa Ki he Tuliki Kotoa pe ʻo Mamani
Vai Maʻa & Malohi Maʻa
ʻOmi ʻa e Vai Maʻa Ki he Tuliki Kotoa pe ʻo Mamani
Kāvenga fefeka, lahi ʻo e resini, sivi ʻo e tafe, mo e ʻaonga ʻo e māsima, mo ha sipinga kuo fakalea.
Ko hono fua ʻo e mīsini fakamolū vai pisinisi ko e fika ia, ʻo ʻikai ko e mateaki, pea ʻoku fakatefito ia ʻi he fika ʻe tolu: tafe māʻolunga taha ʻi he kalone ʻi he miniti, fefeka ʻo e vai ʻoku hū mai ʻi he keleni ʻi he kalone, mo e lahi ʻo e vai ʻi he ʻaho ʻi he kalone. ʻI he maʻu ʻo e fika ko ia ʻe tolu, ʻoku muimui mai mei ai ʻa e toenga kotoa — lahi ʻo e resini, luaʻā ʻo e tangike, ngāueʻaki ʻo e māsima, mo e tuʻo lahi ʻo e fakafoʻou — mei he ngaahi fika faʻu angamaheni.
Ko e liliu ʻoku fiemaʻu ʻe he tokotaha kotoa: 1 keleni ʻi he kalone (gpg) = 17.1 mg/L ʻo fakatatau ki he calcium carbonate. ʻOku ʻomi ʻe he ngaahi lipooti fakasaienisi ʻa e fefeka ʻi he mg/L; ka ʻoku fakatau ʻa e lahi ʻo e mīsini fakamolū ʻi he keleni. Ko hono fefiofi ʻo e ongo ʻiuniti ko ia ko e fehālaaki lahi taha ia ʻi he fua.
ʻOku ʻikai tokanga ʻa e mīsini fakamolū ki he kalone pe ko e fefeka takitaha, ka ki heʻena fakakaukauʻi fakataha pē:
Keleni kuo toʻo ʻi he ʻaho = kalone ʻi he ʻaho × fefeka ʻi he gpg
Ko ha feituʻu ʻoku ngāueʻaki ai ʻa e kalone ʻe 24,000 ʻi he ʻaho ʻi he 18 gpg ʻoku ne toʻo ʻa e keleni ʻe 432,000 ʻi he ʻaho. Ko e fika ko ia, ʻo ʻikai ko e tafe, ʻoku ne fakapapauʻi ʻa e lahi ʻo e resini ʻoku fiemaʻu mo e tuʻo lahi ʻo ʻene fakafoʻou.
ʻOku fakatefito ʻa e lahi ʻo e resini ion exchange ʻi he mālohi ʻo hono fakafoʻou. Ko e māsima lahi ange ʻi he futu kupi ʻoku ne fakatau mai ʻa e lahi ange, ka ʻoku holo ʻa e ʻaonga:
| Māsima (lb/ft³) | Lahi ʻaonga (keleni/ft³) | ʻAonga ʻo e māsima (keleni/lb) |
|---|---|---|
| 6 | ~20,000 | ~3,300 |
| 10 | ~25,000 | ~2,500 |
| 15 | ~30,000 | ~2,000 |
Ko e fetongi ko ʻeni ko e fili faʻu kotoa ia. Ko e 6 lb/ft³ ko e fili ʻaonga ia pea ko ia ʻoku ngāueʻaki ʻe he lahi taha ʻo e ngaahi feituʻu pisinisi lalahi; ko e 15 lb/ft³ ʻoku ne toʻo ʻa e lahi taha mei ha tangike siʻi ka ʻoku ne ngāueʻaki ʻa e māsima lahi ange ʻi he 65% ki he keleni kotoa kuo toʻo. ʻI he feituʻu ʻoku mahuʻinga ai ʻa e totongi ʻo e māsima pe ko e ngaahi fakangatangata ki hono liʻaki ʻo e vai māsima, fua ki he māsima siʻi pea tali ha tangike lahi ange.
ʻOku ʻikai lava ʻe he lahi ʻo e resini toko taha ke ngaohi ha mīsini fakamolū ʻoku ngāue. ʻOku pau foki ke fakahoko ʻa e fakangatangata hydraulic ʻe ua:
Tuku foki ha atā ʻo teʻeki ʻe 50% ʻi ʻolunga ʻi he resini ke lava ʻo fakalahi ʻi he fakamaʻa fakafoki.
Toʻo ha hotele ʻoku ngāueʻaki ʻa e 24,000 kalone/ʻaho ʻi he 18 gpg, mo ha tafe māʻolunga taha kuo fua ʻo 60 gpm.
Vakai ki he meʻa naʻe fakahā ʻe he sivi ʻo e tafe: ko e lahi, ʻo ʻikai ko e hydraulics, ʻoku ne fakapapauʻi ʻa e faʻu ko ʻeni. ʻI ha feituʻu fufulu kaa ʻoku tatau ʻa e lahi ʻi he ʻaho ka kuo fakanounou ki ha māʻolunga taha ʻo e houa ʻe fā, ko e sivi ʻo e tafe ʻe tomuʻa fakangatangata pea ʻe fiemaʻu ai ha tangike lahi ange ʻi he meʻa ʻoku fakahā ʻe he kāvenga fefeka pē. Fakahoko maʻu pē ʻa e sivi ʻe ua.
Ko e tangike taha mo ha mita ʻoku fakafoʻou ʻi he ʻosi ʻene lahi, ʻa ia ko ha tuʻusi ia — ʻo fuoloa ʻi he 60–90 miniti — ʻoku ʻalu ai ʻa e vai fefeka taʻe-teuteu ki he ngāue pe ʻoku tuʻu ʻa e ʻoatu. ʻOku lelei ia ʻi he poʻuli ʻi ha hotele pe ʻōfisi.
Ka ʻoku ʻikai lelei ia ʻi ha feituʻu fufulu kaa, ha feituʻu fō pisinisi, ha feituʻu ngaohi pia, pe ʻi muʻa ʻi ha laine reverse osmosis. ʻOku fiemaʻu ʻe he ngaahi meʻa ko ia ha tangike ua fetongi (duplex): ko e tangike ʻe taha ʻoku ngāue lolotonga ʻoku fakafoʻou ʻa e taha, ʻo ʻomi ai ha vai molū taʻe-tuʻusi moʻoni. ʻOku faingofua ʻa e tuʻutuʻuni — kapau ko e vai fefeka ʻe aʻu ki he ngāue ʻi ha houa ʻe taha te ne totongi kiate koe ha kulupu koloa, ha takai fufulu, pe ha membrane, fakatau ʻa e duplex.
Ko hono toʻo ʻo e calcium mo e magnesium ʻi muʻa ʻi ha laine RO ko e taha ia ʻo e founga lelei taha ke taʻofi ʻa e scale, koeʻuhi ʻoku ne fakaleleiʻi ʻa e tupuʻanga kae ʻikai ko e fakaʻilonga. ʻI he ngaahi sisitemi vai māsima siʻi ʻoku ngāue ʻi he maʻu lahi, ko hono fakamolū ʻo e vai ʻoku hū mai ʻe lava ke hiki ai ʻa e maʻu ʻe lava ʻo aʻusia ʻi ha ngaahi poini pea fakaloloa ʻaupito ʻa e vahaʻa taimi fakamaʻa.
ʻOku ʻikai toʻo ʻe he fakamolū ʻa e silica, pea ʻoku ʻikai toʻo ʻe ia ʻa e ngaahi meʻa mafu — ʻoku ne fetongi ʻa e ngaahi ion fefeka ʻaki ʻa e sodium, ko ia ʻoku meimei tatau pē ʻa e TDS ʻo e vai ʻoku hū mai. ʻOku kei totonu pē ʻa e antiscalant ki he silica pea ki he ngaahi feituʻu ʻoku taʻofi ai ʻe he liʻaki ʻo e vai māsima ʻa e fakafoʻou. Vakai ki he tataki ki he fakamahu kemikale mo e ngāueʻaki ki he ngaahi lahi, pea mo e tataki ki he ngaahi fua ʻo e tuʻunga ʻo e vai ke lau ʻa e sivi ʻoku ne puleʻi ʻa e ongo fili ko ia fakatouʻosi.
ʻI muʻa ʻi hoʻo fokotuʻu: maʻu ha sivi vai foʻou kae ʻikai ha fika mei he lipooti faʻahitaʻu ʻa e kautaha vai. ʻOku liliu ʻa e fefeka ʻi he ngaahi faʻahitaʻu ʻi he lahi ʻo e ngaahi maʻuʻanga vai, pea ko hono fua ki he tuʻunga vaʻinga kae ʻikai ko e māʻolunga taha ʻoku tuku ai ʻa e mīsini fakamolū ke siʻi tonu ʻi he taimi ʻoku māʻolunga taha ai ʻa e fiemaʻu.
ʻOku ke fiemaʻu ha mīsini fakamolū kuo fua ki ho feituʻu? ʻOatu kiate kimautolu hoʻo tafe māʻolunga taha, ha fika fefeka foʻou, mo e lahi ʻi he ʻaho, pea ʻe ʻoatu ʻe heʻemau kau ʻenisinia ha fokotuʻutuʻu. Fetuʻutaki ki he ForeverPure pe telefoni ki he +1-408-969-2688.
Fakakaukauʻi ʻa e kalone ʻi he ʻaho ʻaki ʻa e fefeka ʻi he keleni ʻi he kalone ke maʻu ʻa e keleni kuo toʻo ʻi he ʻaho, pea vahevahe ʻaki ʻa e lahi ʻaonga ʻo e resini (20,000 ki he 30,000 keleni ʻi he futu kupi ʻo fakatatau ki he māsima) ke maʻu ʻa e lahi ʻo e resini. Pea sivi leva ʻoku nofo ʻa e tafe māʻolunga taha ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e 6 ki he 8 gpm ʻi he futu kupi. Ko ha feituʻu ʻoku ngāueʻaki ʻa e 24,000 kalone ʻi he ʻaho ʻi he 18 gpg ʻoku ne toʻo ʻa e 432,000 keleni ʻi he ʻaho pea fiemaʻu ʻa e meimei 18 futu kupi ʻo e resini ʻi he māsima 10 lb/ft³.
Vahevahe ʻa e mg/L ʻo fakatatau ki he calcium carbonate ʻaki ʻa e 17.1. Ko ha vai ʻi he 300 mg/L ko e 17.5 keleni ia ʻi he kalone. ʻOku lipooti ʻa e ngaahi fale sivi ʻi he mg/L lolotonga ʻoku fua ʻa e lahi ʻo e mīsini fakamolū ʻi he keleni, ko ia ʻoku fiemaʻu ai ʻa e liliu ko ʻeni ʻi he meimei ngāue kotoa pē.
Ko e ngāueʻaki ʻo e māsima ʻoku tatau ia mo e lahi ʻo e resini kuo fakakaukauʻi ʻaki ʻa e māsima. ʻI he 10 lb ʻi he futu kupi, ko ha mīsini fakamolū 18 futu kupi ʻoku ne ngāueʻaki ʻa e 180 lb ʻi he fakafoʻou taki taha. ʻOku holo ʻa e ʻaonga ʻi he hiki ʻa e māsima: meimei 3,300 keleni ʻi he pauni ʻi he 6 lb/ft³ ka ko e meimei 2,000 keleni ʻi he pauni ʻi he 15 lb/ft³.
Mei he 6 ki he 8 gpm ʻi he futu kupi ʻo e resini ʻi he ngāue hokohoko, mo ha ngaahi māʻolunga nounou ʻo aʻu ki he 10 gpm ʻi he futu kupi. ʻOku fiemaʻu ʻe he fakamaʻa fakafoki ʻa e 5 ki he 7 gpm ʻi he futu sikuea ʻo e mata ʻo e tangike. Ko hono laka hake ʻi he tafe ʻi he ngāue ʻoku ne fakatupu ʻa e tafe halanga mo e mahuʻi ʻa e fefeka neongo ʻoku kei toe ha lahi ʻi he resini.
ʻIo, kapau ʻoku ʻikai lava ʻe he feituʻu ʻo kātakiʻi ha tuʻusi ʻo e vai molū: ngaahi feituʻu fufulu kaa, ngaahi feituʻu fō pisinisi, ngaahi feituʻu ngaohi pia, ngaahi ngāue hokohoko, mo e teuteu ki muʻa ʻi he RO. Ko e tangike taha mo ha mita ʻoku ʻikai ngāue ʻi he meimei 60 ki he 90 miniti lolotonga ʻene fakafoʻou. ʻI he taimi ʻe lava ke tuku ai ʻa e vahaʻa taimi ko ia ki he poʻuli, ko e tangike taha ʻa e fili maʻamaʻa ange.
ʻIkai. ʻOku fetongi ʻe he fakamolū ʻa e calcium mo e magnesium ʻaki ʻa e sodium, ko ia ʻoku meimei tatau pē ʻa e ngaahi meʻa mafu kotoa. ʻOku ne toʻo ʻa e fefeka, kae ʻikai ko e māsima. Ko hono fakasiʻisiʻi ʻo e TDS ʻoku fiemaʻu ai ʻa e reverse osmosis. Ko e fakamolū ʻi muʻa ʻi he RO ʻoku angamaheni koeʻuhi ʻoku ne taʻofi ʻa e calcium mo e magnesium mei he scale ʻi he ngaahi membrane.